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Informatics and education

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Vol 37, No 3 (2022)
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PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIENCE

5-11 457
Abstract

The article describes the results of the analysis of the experience gained while organizing the educational process during the two-year pandemic of COVID-19. In particular, the problem situations that arose on the transition to emergency distance learning are considered. The main attention is paid to summarizing the existing approaches to teaching students and schoolchildren, the actions necessary to mitigate the consequences of such a transition, as well as highlighting the strategic directions for training teachers, allowing them to be prepared for similar situations.

The effective use of information and communication technologies has played an important role in overcoming the learning difficulties caused by the pandemic. At the same time, not only students needed timely support, but also teachers did not always have enough professionalism to quickly switch to online learning. Not all educational organizations turned out to be prepared for an almost instantaneous transition to new forms of their activities.

Based on the results of the analysis, it was possible to formulate the strategic and technological directions of possible significant research that contribute to the preparation of future and current teachers for work in a changing environment.

12-20 412
Abstract

The article discusses the main approaches to the development and use of the task system for the first All-Russian Olympiad in artificial intelligence for schoolchildren. The first Olympiad in artificial intelligence for schoolchildren, held by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, had distinctive features in the procedure of the competition and in competition tasks. These features can be used for comparative analysis and expert evaluation of intellectual competitions for schoolchildren held in Russia. The subjects of the Olympiad tasks are Natural Language Processing, Computer Vision, and Data Science.

The Python programming language was used. The tasks were focused on the formation of an individual path for the student to prepare for the final stage of the Olympiad in artificial intelligence, i. e. thematic continuity was observed at all stages and the practical orientation of tasks using data sets was observed in the second and third rounds. For the assessment, a rating assessment was used (as in the professional community Kaggle.com) of the individual abilities of schoolchildren in the complex application of mathematical and digital skills in solving artificial intelligence tasks.

The article may be useful for informatics teachers who include the topic in an advanced informatics course and teachers of additional education who prepare schoolchildren for Olympiads in programming.

21-27 375
Abstract

The relevance of integrating massive open online courses (MOOCs) into foreign language teaching in higher education is explained not only by the modern approach to the digitalization of the educational environment, but is also a necessary measure in the light of the unfavorable epidemiological situation in Russia associated with the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19).

The classification of MOOCs by purpose, principle of construction and format of training is given. The advantages and the disadvantages of MOOCs from the point of view of teachers are considered. The results of the integration of MOOCs into foreign language teaching to students of a range of engineering specialities are presented.

Experimental work has identified the advantages of MOOCs associated with an unlimited resource base, a variety of tasks and access to authentic information.

The disadvantages of MOOCs in teaching a foreign language concern the difficulties caused by the pedagogical imperfection of the format for evaluating the work of students on the course. A number of problems are associated with the lack of the necessary competencies of teachers, resource consumption when choosing a MOOC, corresponding to the level of language training of students.

The authors propose ways to solve the problems that arise in the implementation of a mixed model of teaching a foreign language at universities, including the combination of traditional and online forms of monitoring learning outcomes.

28-34 935
Abstract

One of the priorities of modern education is methods of improving the quality of training activities, ways to involve and motivate students. Among these methods, we highlight the involvement in the learning process through game mechanics — gamification. The advantages of this approach are involvement in the learning process, as well as the activation of cognitive activity. Students, along with the acquisition of new experiences and the formation of various skills, also acquire a game experience that brings them pleasure. But the use of this method entails a number of significant difficulties faced by teachers and methodologists. Gamification is the main mechanism for involving students in the educational process in the digital environment, and the student’s attitude to the learning process depends on the competent use of this method. The most important skill for a modern teacher is the ability to competently design gamified systems. At the same time, a theoretical review of the literature, existing practices on the use of gamification for educational purposes, a discussion of various models for constructing learning systems with elements of gamification, and the identification of contradictions and current directions for advanced study of the issue of gamification in digital learning are important.

35-45 273
Abstract

In the process of changing the priorities of the educational paradigm, many tasks arise, one of which is the formation of information technology competence at all levels of education. The current Federal State Educational Standards are based on a competency-based approach. In this regard, it becomes necessary to develop students’ competencies in the field of information technology, which graduates of the Faculty of History should have.

The article actualizes the need to develop adapted tasks in the discipline “Informatics and Computer Engineering” for the specialties of the training areas 46.03.01 “History” and 46.03.02 “Documentation Science and Archival Science”.

The objectives of the article are to develop tasks that cover the competencies that a graduate should have as a result of mastering a bachelor’s program, to conduct a comparative analysis of informatics textbooks used in the Russian Federation, to identify sections of the course that should be improved based on the results obtained during the experiment and the interests of students, as well as analysis of the level of formation of information technology competence in first-year students of training areas 46.03.01 “History” and 46.03.02 “Document science and archive science” using testing.

The purpose of the article is to develop tasks that cover the competencies that a graduate should have as a result of mastering the bachelor’s program, as well as an analysis of the level of formation of information technology competence among students of the first course of training areas 46.03.01 “History” and 46.03.02 “Documentation Science and Archival Science” using testing.

As a result of the study, it turned out that the majority of students have an average level of knowledge of the school curriculum in the subject “Informatics”. It is concluded that the study of informatics at school does not have a significant impact on the general level of knowledge of students in the field of information and communication technologies.

46-54 477
Abstract

Ensuring the high quality of online learning is one of the most significant factors in the competitiveness of universities in the educational market. The purpose of the article is to analyze the specifics of online learning for students in the context of the epidemiological crisis, to study the role of digital technologies, digital competence of teachers in improving the competitiveness of educational services. The authors used a set of methods, which included: a questionnaire survey of students of Russian universities conducted in May 2020 (N = 146 people), the focus group method (12 full-time students). A drop in the level of self-organization and self-control of students has been established, students reduce the requirements for themselves as active participants in the educational process. The conclusion is confirmed that the interest of students in online learning is connected with the teacher’s charisma, his ability to teach, while entertaining, as well as with the teacher’s active use of digital innovative technologies. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that there are a number of restrictions that limit the preservation of the quality of educational services in the context of online learning: digital inequality, insufficient development of the digital infrastructure of universities and the use of digital systems for organizing educational activities. Certain risks for maintaining the competitiveness of the university in the long term are: the inability of universities to develop high-end, comprehensive, scalable digital solutions, the request for simplification of educational work by young people due to the general availability of information materials on the Internet, high costs for updating information systems, maintaining a developed digital educational environment.

55-64 336
Abstract

In the modern world, the introduction of digital innovative technologies in the learning process is one of the urgent directions in improving the methods of teaching foreign languages. In the new educational paradigm, students become active participants in the design of disciplines and curricula. The purpose of the article is to analyze the experience of organizing project work on a mobile dictionary in German using corpus technologies.

This pedagogical experiment was attended by 30 4th–5th year students of Kazan Federal University, studying in the direction 44.03.05 “Pedagogical education (with two training profiles)”. In the course of the study, project work was carried out to create a multifunctional dictionary in German on the topic “Feste und Bräuche” (“Holidays and Customs”), the use of corpus technologies in

its compilation by students using the EduScrum method was revealed. A detailed sprint algorithm, a dictionary entry template, an overview of constructors for compiling training tasks are described. A list of recommended German text corpora for inclusion in a dictionary entry is given. A comprehensive description of the lexeme with the involvement of ethnoculturological and collocation components allows you to get detailed information about the word, and the methodological part makes it possible to consolidate the language material on the project topic. The advantages of using the EduScrum method for developing project work in the classroom are noted. The survey conducted after experimental training reveals the advantages and disadvantages of the project, the attitude of the participants to the creation of a dictionary. The effectiveness of the use of services and platforms when compiling a dictionary entry and methodological part is assessed. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of using digital innovative technologies in compiling a dictionary. The project, carried out using corpus technologies according to the EduScrum method, contributes to the development of the components of the 4Сs model (Communication, Collaboration, Critical thinking, and Creativity) in students, stimulates collaboration and communication in a group, allows a critical approach to the choice of material for creating a dictionary entry, reveals creative potential in the development of training exercises. The analysis of the results obtained contributes to the methodology of teaching foreign languages and can serve as a vector for the development of teaching materials.

PEDAGOGICAL STAFF

65-73 179
Abstract

The rapid development of various information-cybernetic systems and their introduction into all spheres of human life and activity necessitate a deeper study of the foundations of informatics and cybernetics in schools and pedagogical universities. Conducting an analysis of the features of the formation of information-cybernetic thinking of students of pedagogical universities and the development of training tasks that contribute to a deeper mastery of the basic provisions of cybernetics are key aspects for the teacher. At the same time, the method of analyzing educational and scientific-methodical literature, methods of programming and computer modeling, as well as mathematical methods are used. The main types of educational tasks that contribute to the development of informationcybernetic thinking of students are selected: 1) explanation of the principles of cybernetics and their justification on the example of specific technical systems; 2) explanation of the general principles of functioning of various types of information-cybernetic systems; 3) explanation of the operation of specific automatic control systems (ACS) and their individual components; 4) the invention of “new” control systems with desired properties; 5) creation of technical control systems and experimental study of their work; 6) creation of computer models of control systems and transmission links. Solutions of educational problems involving computer modeling of automatic control systems and various transmission links in the Pascal ABC environment are discussed. The proposed elements of the methodology can be used in any university when teaching students the basics of cybernetics.

74-79 278
Abstract

Formation of ICT competencies of future masters of pedagogical education in the aspect of research activities is one of the important areas of their training. Research activities are quite effective in the conditions of professional interaction and communication in network scientific communities. Seizing the opportunity of independent establishment of professional competencies by an organization, let us to expand the scope of ICT competencies, including the following professional competency: the ability to use ICT tools to organize network interaction between teachers in order to solve urgent research problems. Formation of ICT competencies of future masters in the aspect of joint research activities in the community is more effective when using a social constructivist approach based on the Lev Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory on construction knowledge through social interaction, and the presence of the following didactic conditions: a complex of research tasks; joint cognitive activity in the process of performing research tasks; organization of interaction in the environment of the network community. Joint activity in solving research tasks allows students to better understand the topic under study, increase the motivation for cooperation within the group. Interaction within the network community allows students to better master ICT tools, master its social norms, rules, values, to learn how to solve actual research problems mutually, thereby forming ICT competencies.

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

80-87 414
Abstract

Modern challenges in society require universities to move from a traditional to a competency-based technology integrated learning environment. Students must master a variety of newer complex competencies such as: learn to independently search for information, analyze it, and apply it to solve various real time problems through their content knowledge. One of the possible tools for developing these newer competencies is ICT integrated project-based learning (PBL). The present study conducts an ICT integrated practicum to the internationally paired undergraduate students of Indian and Russian universities. The practicum included a collaborative work towards a common theme. Findings of the study reveals that the outputs generated by ICT integrated PBL provided confidence to the participants to use technology tools in a global learning environment to solve real time problems. Study suggested requirements for project organization, technology tools, and a design to implement such projects. Further, it reveals how virtual teams work on a project in an online environment. Study recommends future researchers to focus on more such empirical studies and its efficacy.



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ISSN 0234-0453 (Print)
ISSN 2658-7769 (Online)