infojournalИнформатика и образованиеInformatics and education0234-04532658-7769Publishing House Education and Informatics10.32517/0234-0453-2025-40-2-79-87infojournal-1266Research ArticleИНФОРМАТИЗАЦИЯ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯINFORMATIZATION OF EDUCATIONАнализ современных подходов к балансировке нагрузки серверных кластеров в образовательных информационных системах и соответствующих алгоритмовAnalysis of modern approaches to load balancing of server clusters in educational information systems and corresponding algorithmhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-7946-9302СущеняР. В.SuschenyaR. V.

Сущеня Роман Валерьевич, аспирант кафедры управления информацией в технических системах, факультет информационных технологий; разработчик,

г. Москва.

Roman V. Suschenya, Postgraduate Student at the Department of Information Control in Technical Systems, Faculty of Information Technologies; Software Developer,

Moscow

newromeones@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-9112-8182ПетровВ. Е.PetrovV. E.

Петров Валерий Евгеньевич, канд. тех. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры управления информацией в технических системах, факультет информационных технологий,

г. Москва.

Valery E. Petrov, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Docent, Associate Professor at the Department of Information Control in Technical Systems, Faculty of Information Technologies,

Moscow.

v.petrov@stankin.ruМосковский государственный технологический университет «Станкин»; Фирма «1С»РоссияMoscow State Technological University “STANKIN”; 1C CompanyRussian FederationМосковский государственный технологический университет «Станкин»РоссияMoscow State Technological University “STANKIN”Russian Federation2025220720254027987Copyright © Сущеня Р.В., Петров В.Е., 20252025Сущеня Р.В., Петров В.Е.Suschenya R.V., Petrov V.E.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://info.infojournal.ru/jour/article/view/1266

Системы управления обучением (англ. Learning Management System, LMS) играют ключевую роль в образовательном процессе, предоставляя студентам разнообразные виды образовательного контента, а преподавателям — инструменты для контроля знаний обучающихся и оценки прогресса. Однако с увеличением числа студентов возрастает и нагрузка на каналы передачи данных, что может привести к снижению качества обучения. Чтобы решить эту проблему, требуется комплексно подойти к проблеме балансировки нагрузки кластера серверов образовательных платформ.

В статье рассмотрены основные существующие алгоритмы балансировки, даны их комплексное сравнение и оценка применимости к образовательным платформам. Особое внимание уделено сетям доставки контента (англ. Content Delivery Network, CDN) и их важной роли в этом процессе. Проанализированы современные тенденции интеграции балансировщика с облачными технологиями, выделена особая важность интеллектуального управления кешированием и оркестрации контейнеров как одного из основных способов увеличения скорости работы LMS и их отказоустойчивости. Предложена архитектура кластеров серверов «1С:Предприятие 8» с практическими схемами построения масштабируемых инфраструктур для онлайн-обучения.

Learning Management Systems (LMS) play a critical role in the educational process, providing students with a variety of educational content, and teachers with tools for monitoring students’ knowledge and assessing progress. However, as the number of students increases, the load on data transmission channels also increases, potentially leading to a decline in the quality of education. To solve this problem, a comprehensive approach to load balancing within server clusters of educational platforms is required.

The article reviews the main existing load balancing algorithms, provides a comparative analysis, and assesses their applicability to educational platforms. Particular attention is paid to Content Delivery Networks (CDN) and their critical role in the process. Modern trends in integrating load balancers with cloud technologies are analyzed, emphasizing the importance of intelligent cache management and container orchestration as key methods for increasing the performance and fault tolerance of LMS platforms. A server cluster architecture based on 1C:Enterprise 8 is proposed, along with practical schemes for building scalable infrastructures for online learning.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.